hemorrhage
hemorrhagic disorders
excessive bleeding can result from deficiency of one of the many different blood clotting factors.
the hemorrhagic disorders are:
1- hemorrhagic disorders due to abnormalities of blood platelets:
thrombocytopenia ( thrombocytopenic purpura)
this is a disease characterized by a very low level of platelets i.e. below 50.000\cubicm
there is tendency of spontaneous bleeding from many small capillaries ,usually beneath the skin from mucous membranes and internal organs .
the skin shows many small , purplish spots giving the disease the name thrombocytopenic purpura .
types:
a-idiopathic thrombocytopenia the cause is unknown
b-secondary thrombocytopenia occurs in association with aplasia of the bone marrow e.g. exposure to X rays ,radioactive substances ,neoplastic deposits ,very severe fevers and drug sensitivity.
thrombasthenia
it is a state in which the platelets are normal in quantity but defective in function which may result in a bleeding tendency
it may be primary or secondary e.g. in severe uremia and exposure to certain drugs as aspirin
